Thunder Laser Nova Series - How to Align your mirrors - Quick Start Alignment Guide

Thunder Laser Nova Series - How to Align your mirrors - Quick Start Alignment Guide

Preface: This article covers How To align your laser beam in a 3 mirror gantry based Nova laser.


Quickstart Videos:

      Here are some quickstart videos that will cover 90% of the situations you may find your alignment in. The videos do not contain every last detail, however they  but should be enough to get most users up and going on their alignment. If you need additional information, look further down this page for the Complete Guide section.
Quickstart Video 1
Quickstart Video 2
Quickstart Video 1



Quickstart Video 2


 
 


Complete Guide To Nova Series Laser Alignment

We recommend you sit down at a computer to read this information.  It is a lot to digest but if you take your time and read prior to just starting, you will be better off.
Keys to Success
Pitfalls
Component Locations
Recommended Pulse Power Percentages
Keys to Success
(Read all of these..do not skip)

  1. Make sure the gantry is mechanically aligned/square, else you will have trouble with mirror 3 Nova X and Y Verticality Adjustment
  2. Understand that the Red Dot is secondary to the Laser Beam. Mirrors are set to the Laser Beam, not the red dot. Do not fall into the trap of the red dot.
  3. Adjusting a mirror adjusts both the Laser Beam Path and the Red Dot Beam Path
  4. Adjusting the Red Dot Pointer is done by adjusting it in the stand it is mounted in and is the last step of alignment
  5. Check your alignment first before making adjustment . Pulse a different piece of tape over mirror 3 entry with the Laser head in each of the 4 corners and evaluate
  6. Start at mirror 1 always. Do not go to the next mirror until the previous one is set
  7. To adjust the burn spot at mirror 2, adjust mirror 1
  8. To adjust the burn spot at mirror 3, adjust mirror 2
  9. To adjust the burn spot at the nozzle exit, adjust mirror 3 (Verticality)
  10. Know that when you initially loosen the stop rings on the adjustment knobs you may inadvertently adjust the alignment.
  11. Know that when you tighten the adjustment knob stop rings, you may inadvertently adjust the alignment. Spot check with a pulse
  12. When tightening the silver screws for the mirror brackets, do not over tighten, snug is enough
  13. Adjust the Pulse Power of your laser depending on your wattage using the max/min settings for the tube from the MENU button
  14. Red dot is not the same as the beam spot, see note 2 above. Its worth repeating. You will fall for the Red Dot visual and mess your alignment up worse.
  15. Verticality of the beam is more tolerant of deviations with the 2" Lens than the 4" lens due to the distance the beam travels after being focused and the narrow exit of the nozzle cone
  16. When starting the verticality step, you may need to swap to the larger opening nozzle cone or remove it entirely to find the laser beam spot
  17. You will need tape and patience, lots of one or lots of the other. Be methodical about it. Small adjustments.
  18. Setting the Max and Min Power for your Pulse so that you do not burn right through your tape

Pitfalls
Here is a table of pitfalls and watchouts, illustrated.
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The Red Dot Pointer is a visual only and it is a separate light that is not the same as the Laser Tube. If you find yourself attracted to the red dot like a moth to a flame, place a piece of tape over the Red Dot Pointer for the duration of the alignment until you get to the part where you align the Red Dot to the Laser Pulse Spot.


Component Locations
You will need to know where each component is prior to starting the alignment. Please take a minute to review the illustration below.


Recommended Pulse Power Percentages
Adjust as needed since an aging tube may require more power, default is 20% and will blow through the tape easily. Pulse button can be held longer to get a better pulse. If you notice the pulse looks misshaped, check out this article.

Tube
MinPower1 Percent
MaxPower1 Percent
60 Watt
11
11
80 Watt
9
9
100 Watt
7
7
130 Watt
7
7


The Alignment Process:

Info
There are actually 3 parts to this. Aligning the beam from the tube to the head, aligning the beam so its perfectly vertical and central of the nozzle cone, and finally the red dot pointer alignment. They must be completed in that order.

Step 1: Aligning The Laser Beam
Before we begin, lets discuss a few things. 

Tools You May Need:

Flat Head screwdriver

Allen Wrenches - 2.5mm and 3mm

1 Roll of Masking Tape

3mm Allen bit and extensions for Tube mount backside bolts

Hardware Functions at the Tube Mount Brackets:

Left and Right Movement- Lateral
Up and Down Movement - Vertical
There are 4 total silver screws (2 for the front and 2 for the rear bracket) that use 3mm Allen Wrenches. Loosen (do not remove) all 4 and adjust the tube evenly in a lateral direction to move the pulse spot of the laser beam on the Mirror #1 tape. Once the spot is centered on the lateral plane, tighten the 4 silver screws.


To raise or lower the tube, loosen the grub screws (circled) with a 2.5mm Allen wrench and then use the thumb wheel to raise and lower the tube. Then once done, tighten the grub screws. Try to raise and lower the front and rear of the tube together. Each bracket will have its own thumbwheel and grub screws.


Hardware functions at the mirrors:

Mirror #2 Reference Picture
Functions of the hardware/Adjustments




Gold Knobs are the adjustment knobs, the silver bolts are for holding the mirror in position.

 

Get familiar with Control Screen:

      On LCD panel, set the output power to the recommend power from the table in the above section. You will need to set the min and max power. You will use the Pulse button to fire the laser, the longer you hold or the more times you press the button the more laser power will be used. Too much laser power will catch the tape on fire or blow right through the tape.

 Laser Beam Alignment Procedure  Basic Overview:
Info
Before you start adjusting the mirrors, please loosen the stop rings on the three gold knobs and then loosen the silver bolts.  After you are done adjusting the mirror, tighten the gold stop rings and then silver securing bolts and check the beam path again by pulsing the laser into tape. If needed, please repeat the Laser Beam Path adjustment steps. Note that when you are tightening the silver bolts, the mirror alignment may be affected so you have to counteract that prior to tightening the bolts.
  1. Check the Tube to tape on Mirror #1 standoff pulse spot as an initial health check of the tube position. Adjust as needed to center the Laser Pulse.
  2. Then Check Mirror #2 to Tape on Mirror #2 - Adjust and Verify that Laser Pulse spot is in the center at both the near and far locations
  3. Then Check Mirror #3 to tape on Mirror #3 - Adjust and Verify that Laser Pulse spot is in the center at both the near and far locations

Laser Tube to Mirror #1 Adjustments to align the Laser Pulse to the Mirror #1 Center
You will need to place tape on the Mirror #1 standoff and pulse it to check that the pulse is centered. If the pulse is not centered, use the adjustments on the Tube Brackets to center the pulse up.  For this part of the alignment, the Red Dot was blocked by sticking tape over it. The dust cover was also removed for more clearance (130w and 100W tubes only)

Place Tape On Mirror #1
Laser Pulse Centered on Mirror #1



Mirror #1 Adjustments to align Laser Pulse to Mirror #2 in the Upper Left Position
Stick a small piece of mask tape on the mirror #2 and then use the button on the Alignment screen to move mirror #2 to the Upper Left position of the bed. 

Mirror #2 In Upper Left position
Tape on the Mirror #2 Standoff



      Pulse the tape on mirror #2. If the pulse is off-center, loosen the two silver bolts on mirror #1 and adjust mirror #1 and pulse again until the burn spot is in the middle of the tape. Depending on where the pulse is at the start of this procedure, it may not require any adjustment. You may need to replace the tape a few times as you dial in the pulse position. Once you have the pulse centered with mirror #2 in the Upper Left position go to the next step.

Mirror #1 Adjustments to align to Mirror #2 in the Bottom Left Position

      Once you have the pulse spot centered in the Upper Left position on the Mirror #2 standoff, its time to move mirror #2 to the Bottom Left Position using the Alignment Screen and adjust mirror #1 again. Since Mirror #2 is further away from mirror #1 now, the error in alignment will be more pronounced and the adjustments done on the mirror adjustment screws will move the pulse spot even more. The goal is to center the pulse spot on the mirror #2 standoff in the Bottom Left position and then check again at the Top Left. Once the pulse spots are centered at both positions, tighten the silver bolts to secure the mirror. Then recheck one more time prior to moving onto the next step of adjusting mirror #2 to the tape on mirror #3 since tightening the silver bolts can shift the alignment some. 
Mirror #2 In Bottom Left positionTape on the Mirror #2 Standoff

Viewed from the honeycomb area

              


Mirror #2 adjustments to Align to the tape on the Mirror #3 Entry hole in Bottom Left Position

      Similar to what was done in step 2, we now need to get the pulse spot centered on the laser head Mirror #3 Entry hole position. This time we will adjust Mirror #2.

Mirror #3 In Bottom Left position
Tape on the Mirror #3 Laser Head Entry Hole




      Pulse the tape on mirror #3. If the pulse is off-center, loosen the two silver bolts on mirror #2 and adjust mirror #2 and pulse again until the burn spot is in the middle of the tape. Depending on where the pulse is at the start, it may not require any adjustment. You may need to replace the tape a few times as you dial in the pulse position. Once you have the pulse centered with mirror #3 in the bottom Left position go to the next step.

Mirror #2 Adjustments to align to Mirror #3 Entry hole in the Bottom Right Position
      Once you have the pulse spot centered in the Bottom Left position on the Mirror #3 Laser Head Entry Hole, its time to move mirror #3 to the Bottom Right Position using the Alignment Screen and adjust mirror #2 again. Since Mirror #3 is further away from mirror #2 now, the error in alignment will be more pronounced and the adjustments done on the mirror adjustment screws will move the pulse spot even more. The goal is to center the pulse spot on the mirror #3 Laser Head Entry Hole in the Bottom Right position and then check again at the Bottom Left. Once the pulse spots are centered at both positions, tighten the silver bolts to secure the mirror. Then recheck one more time prior to moving onto the next step of adjusting the red dot since tightening the silver bolts can shift the alignment some. 
Mirror #3 In Bottom Right positionTape on the Mirror #3 Laser Head Entry Hole


         

    

 

Step 2: Verticality through the Lens Tube

      Before starting the verticality of the beam you need to move the laser head move to four corners of the honeycomb table, check if the laser beam lasers to the same position of the third reflective mirror by pulsing into some tape and comparing the 4 pulses. If the 4 pulses look good, then do a spot check on the verticality by installing the wide opening nozzle from your tool box and pulse with tape over the nozzle opening in the 4 corners of the honeycomb. If the pulse does not look centered, then you need to adjust your verticality.


How the mirror 3 Screws Affect Verticality:


Adjustment Notes
Reference Image

Adjust screw A: Loosen the nut and rotate clockwise, then the laser beam will moves left; if you rotate counter-clockwise, the laser beam will moves right.


Adjust Screw B: Loosen the nut firstly. If rotate clockwise, the laser beam will moves upward; if rotate counter-clockwise, the laser beam moves backward.



Adjust screw C: Loosen the nut. If rotate clockwise, the laser beam will moves forward and right; if rotate counter-clockwise, the laser beam moves backward and left.



Silver bolts D: Please loosen these three white screws before adjusting Screw A/B/C. After finish, tighten these three white screws (and lock all nuts of screws)

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Verticality Step 1:


Why Adjustment is needed
Targ Result
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Adjust Screw A/B/C so as to change the angle of the third reflective mirror. If the laser beam comes out from the bottom center of the laser head, it proves that third mirror is in right 45°. 



Verticality Step 2:

Place a piece of 10mm acrylic under the laser beam. Pulse a laser beam into the acrylic, check if the line is vertical or not. See the table below for expected results

Compare results
How to Adjust Until Correct
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Once correct, tighten all the adjusting screws and white screws and move the laser head to four corners to test the laser beam verticality. If the problem still exists, please contact with our tech team in time by email:  support@thunderlaserusa.com .

Step 3: Red Dot Pointer Alignment

1.Use the buttons on the laser machine screen to move the laser head on the approximate middle of the honeycomb table.

2.Place a piece masking tape over the left side of the third mirror laser head, and pulse a dot on the center, like below.





3. Use the three adjustment screws on the Red Dot Pointer Mount to move red dot to the mark dot on the tape, like below.



Adjustment Knobs
Adjustment Knob Effects
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At this point, your alignment should be complete and you can go back to lasering.
 

Visual Aids and Checks:

You can use the visual aids and spot checks prior to and during the alignment procedure to get an idea of what to do and the status of your alignment.
Check 1: Mirror Two
Check 2: Mirror Three
Check 3: Four Corner Pulse Checking
Check 1: Mirror Two

Mirror 2 Check

Check 2: Mirror Three

Mirror 3 Check

Check 3: Four Corner Pulse Checking

Four Corner Pulse Check





Alignment Technique:

Below are some tips that may help you fine tune your technique as you adjust the mirrors
Alignment Technique: Spot at Mirror Two
Alignment Technique: Spot at Mirror Three:
Alignment Technique: Spot at Mirror Two

Spot At Mirror 2

Alignment Technique: Spot at Mirror Three:

Spot at Mirror 3



 




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